In order to meet the challenge of high operating cost and marine pollution, ships propulsion system have changed from conventional power system to electric propulsion system. The staff of eppl have been supporting electric propulsion and power system testing for over 40 years. Electric propulsion thrusters are replacing small chemical thrusters used for spacecraft control and orbital maneuvers. Electric propulsion systems are designed according to the power station. Since 1983 aerojet rocketdyne has developed three types of electric propulsion technology.
The world is becoming electric in aviation as well we develop serial hybrid electric propulsion systems for aircraft the technology is scalable and will soon be making its way into small aircraft and, in the future, into commercial. Future trends of electrical propulsion and implications to. Electric propulsion systems are designed according to. Electric propulsion systems, electric drive systems. Facility overview post ion engine test documentation of tank 5 interior. Starting with primary physical principles and concluding with realistic space thruster designs, it surveys aspects of electricity. Electrothermal propulsion, wherein the propellant is heated by some electrical process, then expanded through a suitable nozzle 2. Since this type of propulsion system, now called distributed electric propulsion, is the main focus of the paper. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service. Electric propulsion uses electric energy to energize or accelerate the propellant.
Nasa is researching ideas that could lead to the development of electric propulsionpowered aircraft, which would be quieter, more efficient and environmentally friendly than todays commuter aircraft. An electricallypowered spacecraft propulsion system uses electrical, and possibly also magnetic fields, to change the velocity of a spacecraft. Ion and hall thrusters is an indispensable textbook for advanced undergraduate and graduate students who are preparing to enter the. In the th century solid rocketpowered arrows were used by the chinese military. Matlab data file requires the chebyshevtomat program located in the same folder. Powering the future of inspace transportation aerojet rocketdyne is the world leader in the development, qualification, and flight of electric propulsion ep systems and components. The four phases are outlined below and are roughly correlated to. The use of electrical power enhances the propulsive performances of the ep thrusters compared with conventional chemical thrusters.
Pdf this paper describes a novel space propulsion technique, based on an extension of a unified field theory in a. Physics of electric propulsion, robert jahn, mcgrawhill, 1968. Our primary objective is to present an approach for modeling and analysis of these hybrid electric propulsion system components to facilitate. A form of electric space propulsion in which ions are accelerated by an electrostatic field to produce a highspeed typically about 30 kms exhaust. Click download or read online button to get fundamentals of electric propulsion book now. Jahn geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students, this text systematically develops the concepts of electrical acceleration of gases for propulsion.
Tsiolkovsy and goddard both wrote about electric propulsion, but because neither was living in a time that it was possible to get into orbit, their ideas went unrealized in their lifetimes. The principle of rocket propulsion was known as far back as 360b. Course notes will also be provided in pdf format on the class distance education network. The research described in this publication was carried out at the. The concept of electric propulsion is over 100 years old with batterypowered vessels recorded in russia and germany around 1870. Over the last 10 years the electrical propulsion fleet grew three times faster than the world fleet. This vessel ushers in a new era of electric propulsion for bulk carriers. An earth to jupiter electric propulsion trajectory. Through the use of previously developed code including the miriad module integrator and. Kerrebrock and subsequently adapted by manuel martinezsanchez. This paper reports the progress of the present jpl hardware program sepst iii and discusses certain propulsion systemspacecraft interaction problems being investigated.
Electric yacht electric propulsion bruce schwab ocean. Electric propulsion is an old idea, but one that has yet to reach its full potential due to a number of challenges. Draft 61500 the four phases of the project this electrodynamic propulsion design challenge moves through four distinct phases, in about twelve sessions assuming that each session is a 45minute period. These systems are based on the principle of speed controlled ac motors driving the propeller directly or by gearing.
Dieselelectric propulsion systems are used on ships with special requirements. The most reliable and low noise design is the direct drive. Electrically powered spacecraft propulsion wikipedia. Electric propulsion ep is a class of space propulsion which makes use of electrical power to accelerate a propellant by different possible electrical andor magnetic means. An electrothermal thruster is a type of electric propulsion system that. Most thrusters ionize propellant by electron bombardment. Progress in astronautics and aeronautics, volume 9.
Today, highpower electric propulsion devices are attracted for the next generation spacecraft. Another modification to this design, in comparison to that of the 2015 rfet team 1, was. Electric propulsion devices are inherently low thrust engines. Design and analysis of electromagnetic propulsion system. Electric propulsion and plasma dynamics laboratory princeton. In 1893, one of the first electric boats electricity carried passengers on the river thames in england. Throughout most of the twentieth century, electric propulsion was considered the technology of the future. The second world war and the cold war advanced rocket missile development in modern time.
Today, the primary source of propeller power is the diesel engine, and the power requirement and rate of revolu. Electric propulsion system for ships the marine express. The electric propulsion and power laboratory eppl, formerly known as the electric propulsion laboratory epl, supports research and development of spacecraft power and. Pdf heim quantum theory for space propulsion physics. An approach to modeling and analysis of propulsion. Of course, crawling propulsion can be used to move along the sea floor, but this is a rarity because of the muddy. Electric propulsion is often seen to be the future of inspace propulsion. As soon as you start sailing, you start recharging your batteries with electric yachts adjustable. The electric propulsion system on mukaishima docks bulk carrier was integrated by the 712 research institute in wuhan, china. Ae4451 arcjets for space missions application designs. Pestana head of ship design, abb marine, billingstad, norway this abstract. Electrostatic propulsion, wherein the propellant is. Dieselelectric propulsion systems are used on ships with special operational requirements. Fundamentals of electric propulsion wiley online books.
Ion and hall thrusters march 2008 the research described in this publication was carried out at the jet propulsion laboratory, california institute of technology, under a contract with the national aeronautics and space administration. The electric propulsion interactions code epic is a powerful, flexible, and extensible engineering tool designed to be used to minimize potentially deleterious interactions between electric propulsion effluents and spacecraft systems. We have delivered more than 500 ep flights systems starting in the 1980s and specialize in various ep technologies. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want.
Based largely on research and development performed at the jet propulsion laboratory jpl and complemented with scores of tables, figures, homework problems, and references, fundamentals of electric propulsion. The range of options available to ship owners is greater than ever before. Electric propulsion and power laboratory glenn research. The basic solar electric propulsion system concept and elements. The goal for todays owners is to select a propulsion and power generation system that suits. However, each section also links to a more indepth look at each specific. Plasmas in electric propulsion devices, even in individual parts of a thruster, can span orders of magnitude in plasma density, temperature, and ionization fraction. There are many different methods of using electricity to propel a spacecraft, which well briefly look at on this page. The solar electric propulsion system technology sepstprogram at jpl is focusing on such a demonstration. Most of these kinds of spacecraft propulsion systems work by electrically expelling propellant reaction mass at high speed electric thrusters typically use much less propellant than chemical rockets because they have a higher exhaust speed operate. An ion engine has a high specific impulse making it very fuelefficient but a very low thrust. This brochure will give you many examples of how it works on a spacecraft, and what challenges it overcomes. Electric propulsion systems for ships topics yoshifumi ajioka kiyoshi ohno increasing use of electric propulsion systems on ships as is the case with general automobiles that are driven on land, the main type of engine used on ships is the internal combustion engine motors such as diesel engines and gas turbines. An ion thruster ionizes propellant by adding or removing electrons to produce ions.
Due to the high exhaust speed obtained the mass required to get a given thrust is much lower than using. Physics of electric propulsion dover books on physics and millions of other books are available for amazon kindle. Electric propulsion development covers the proceedings of the second electric propulsion conference of the american rocker society, held in berkeley, california on march 1416, 1962. Ion thruster device that accelerates propellant ions by an electrostatic field. The conference focuses on the existing problems in electric propulsion and their possible solutions. This important new book explains the fundamentals of electric propulsion for spacecraft and describes in detail the physics and characteristics of the two major electric thrusters in use today, ion and hall. Electric propulsion overview electric propulsion is based in the use of electrical power to expel the propellant at a very high speed. Electric propulsion and auxiliary systems include the electric propulsion motors, motor controllers, and the auxiliary systems that provide services to the ship and its systems.
Electric yacht electric propulsion systems are available in many sizes and are recommended for boats up to 60. Electric propulsion is a good example of space technology. Find all the books, read about the author, and more. Mitchell walker, associate professor, college of engineering explains the basics of electric propulsion. These systems are based on the principle of speed controlled ac or dc motors driving the propeller directly or by gearing. Indeed, for some deep space missions envisioned such as trips to jupiter or neptune, thrusters will be required to operated continuously for years. These thrusters use a variety of mechanisms to convert electrical power into thrust and in general provide superior specific impulse in comparison to chemical systems. Geared toward advanced undergraduates and graduate students, this text systematically develops the concepts of electrical acceleration of gases for propulsion. Highpower electric propulsion with vasimr technology unoosa. Physics of electric propulsion dover books on physics by robert g. I hope it will let you share the enthusiasm of the engineers who wrote the stories. Propulsion system design of a battery electric vehicle.
Force pressure, electrically heat propellant and use nozzle expansion resistojets, arcjets lorentz, magnetic and elec. Spacecraft powered by typical electric propulsion systems may eject propellant at up to 20 times the speed of conventional chemical systems, delivering a much higher specific impulse, or the amount of thrust obtained for the weight of fuel burned. Electric propulsion for rockets georgia institute of. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the. Ship propulsion normally occurs with the help of a propeller, which is the term most widely used in english, although the word screw is sometimes seen, inter alia in combinations such as a twinscrew propulsion plant. This section includes select lecture notes for the course excluding lessons on aircraft propulsion and jet engine rotordynamics. General motors gm has its own strategy for powertrain electrification, which includes a wide range of propulsion architectures from light hybrid systems, such as the eassist, to fully electric systems, such as the chevrolet spark ev. Princeton university princeton, new jersey 08544 aiaa20043334 nomenclature a vehicle acceleration a beam crosssectional area i. Fundamentals of electric propulsion download ebook pdf. In this respect, they are required to operate for longer periods of time than their chemical counterparts to achieve the same deltav. Future trends of electrical propulsion and implications to ship design h. Magnetoplasmadynamic thruster device that acceler ates a propellant plasma by an.